Articles On Essay Writing Services

Articles On Essay Writing Services In other words, indicate what has been discovered or achieved. The conclusion can also be a great place to mention questions which are left open or additional issues which you recognise, but which do not come within the scope of your essay. At the end of an essay you should embody a brief conclusion, the aim of which is to sum up or draw a conclusion out of your argument or comparability of viewpoints. Sometimes it is helpful to read your essay out loud. Where appropriate use easy and logical language and write in full or full sentences. You ought to keep away from jargon, particularly jargon that isn't immediately linked to your topic space. Your tutor may have encountered such problems many instances, and it is part of his/her job that can assist you kind them out. If, despite study and good intentions, you cannot seem to get your essay written, or even started, you need to let your tutor know as quickly as attainable. The major reason is normally that such college students set themselves too excessive a standard and then panic as a result of they cannot attain it. This may also be because of factors such as the concern of the expectations of others or placing too high an expectation on themselves. In short, you are your first reader, edit and criticise your personal work to make it better. We guarantee that every paper is plagiarism-free and customized-written primarily based in your distinctive requirements and wishes. There’s never a mistaken time to ask in your a reimbursement. You can request a full refund till you downloaded the accomplished order. An essay should be written in a flowing manner with every sentence following on logically from the earlier one and with appropriate signposts to information the reader. We'll by no means share your e mail address and you'll unsubscribe at any time. Finished my paper very early and the skilled met all the requirements. It is very useful help when u have tons of workload. Our writing company has three major aggressive advantages. Check what they don't seem to be to have doubts we’re your most suitable option. Every student has his or her personal favourite topics and people she or he finds boring. Of course, all disciplines are important, however it's unimaginable to be a genius in all spheres of knowledge. Wonderful, secure, correct, being every time responding you for every problem. Ordering a paper from us is so simple as urgent a button. You just should fill full particulars about your paper. We provide the best work to our shoppers that hardly need any revision. But, we nonetheless supply free revisions until the satisfaction of our purchasers that indirectly means unlimited revisions within the deadline timeframe. You could be personal by providing your individual viewpoint on a difficulty, or by utilizing that view to interpret other authors' work and conclusions. One is that a great essay ought to be written in a formal, impersonal method with a good scattering of long phrases and lengthy, sophisticated sentences. You ought to assemble your essay as a sequence of distinct points set out in a rational order. One essential way of guiding the reader via your essay is by utilizing paragraphs. So, we work 24 hours a day and 7 days a week to give you prompt suggestions. Whenever you expertise a lack of time or motivation, contact us. We are here around the clock to provide you a serving to hand with any task. Delegate part of your obligations to our group and have extra time for things you really like. Devoting more time and effort to your main, you'll obtain success in your future profession. Let our team know the kind of paper you want, the number of pages required, and whenever you need it by. Things happen, so we’re one hundred% committed to exhibiting understanding in any situation. Writers of complicated works, corresponding to theses and dissertations, are anticipated to provide common and well timed drafts of sections and chapters for buyer evaluation before proceeding to the subsequent one. We break down the structure of an essay and present you tips on how to do it nicely.

How To Write An Essay Fast

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Paper Writer

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Business Innovation and Entrepreneurship - Free Essay Example

Business Innovation and Entrepreneurship INTRODUCTION Every innovation starts with an idea that aims to make an existing process or product better, to improve the original design or to cater to different needs. Creative idea is the foundation for innovation. But what comprises an excellent idea? How does a person in power able to differentiate an idea that is only good in theory and those that actually answers real-world demands. In order for a business to be successful, they need to realize the ever changing demands of the modern world. It is no longer enough to stay plain and original. Every business needs to cope with these changes which are the usual drivers for innovation. The responsibility lies with the managementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s ability to identify opportunities through these changes. They also need to set a clear vision on what the company wants to achieve and how they want to achieve it. This as the guiding principle will enable them to match the right ideas to what is relevant in reality. The focus of this paper is to discuss important analytical tools used to recognize ideas that could lead to innovation of processes. It also discusses the criteria used to deduce which ideas are suitable and feasible for the organization. LATERAL THINKING There are two methods of thinking, Vertical Thinking and Lateral Thinking. Vertical thinking uses logic and traditional methods while Lateral Thinking avoids any common sequence and creates solution through a different point of view. In business, Lateral thinking is more encouraged when making decisions and coming up with ideas geared towards innovation in the organization. Lateral Thinkingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s simplest definition is the ability to think outside of the box. This term was first coined by Dr. Edward de Bono in 1970. It describes the manner of solving problems through different perspectives. It encourages leaving the obvious and common, and being open to the change of concepts and perceptions. Dr. Bono described Lateral thinking as being concerned not with the existing factors but in changing what already exists. It is common to find solutions through usual and predictable ways especially if the current ways still work, but the use of Lateral thinking provides a b etter and wider scope of opportunities to innovate. That is why lateral thinking is a very important criterion when identifying ideas to cultivate for an organization. VISIONING Visioning is the process of forming mental image of the desired future to serve as motivators for the present action. It pictures the success of a goal achieved on a specific time, it does not dwell on the present but on the future and for long term. The ability to visualize is a very important characteristic of a leader. It is important for a leader to have a wide imagination that will enable them to set goals, set plans and anticipates possible risks and problems that they might encounter, as they venture through the realization of their goal as a company. The companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s vision is the clear guide for choosing the course of action; every decision should answer to what the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s vision is aiming for. It is the leaderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s responsibility to be the driver and make sure that the organization is functioning with one goal in mind. Visioning affects cultivation of innovation because when people have a clear idea of what they want a nd the success ahead, creative ideas flow more freely which benefits the whole organization. The key is to think ahead and see how an idea will affect the whole organization for the long term. PROBLEM SOLVING TECHNIQUES Having the idea and a guiding vision is not the end of the Innovative cycle. An organization needs to be equipped for any hindrance towards getting their goal. It is essential to have the ability to analyze a problem and find ways to solve them without sacrificing quality or integrity of work. Different people have different ways of dealing with difficulties. In business, it is important to be objective when dealing with problems and interruptions. That is why it is important for leaders and management to be aware of the different problem solving techniques that can be utilized when faced with such circumstances. Problem solving techniques are steps that can be used to identify the problems that are hindering the goal. The steps include acknowledging that a problem is present, defining what the problem is, planning a fix to the problem, identifying the resources available to be used, monitoring the progress and appraising the efficiency of the solution. These are the basic an d simplest approach a person can follow. There are more detailed strategies that can be used by bigger companies when dealing with difficult problems. Some of the more commonly used are Kepner-Tregoe Problem Solving, Six Sigma, Root Cause Analysis, Fishbon and TQM. Kepner Tregoe Problem Solving. This approach dwells with setting the objective, finding different options, weighing the pros and cons and choosing the best answer. This approach limits the biased decisions as much as possible. The four basic steps are Situational Appraisal, Problem Analysis, Decision Analysis and Potential Problem Analysis. Six Sigma Tools. This approach is very systematic and strategic. It follows the DMAIC model and focus on root causes to process problems. The end goal of Six Sigma is to have quality improvements and improved standard of process or product. It also focus on savings gained through the project. 5 Whys or Root Cause Analysis. This approach is quite subjective and dependent on whoever is analyzing the problem. It is simple but proven effective when finding the root cause of a problem. The 5 Whys steps are straight forward and starts with asking à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“why?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  to the problem, once an answer has been given, the next à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“why?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  will be asked until a root cause can be identified. Fishbone Diagram. This is another known tool used for finding root cause with the goal to correct the actions. This approach is also known as Cause and Effect diagram or Ishikawa. It groups causes into different categories with the causes cascading from the main categories that forms what looks as a fishbone, hence the name. TQM Tools. This approach is more robust in a way that it requires involvement of the whole organization for their implementation. The goal of this approach is to build quality process. Some common TQM practices are Process Management, Customer Involvement, Strategic Planning etc. ANALYTICAL TOOLS SWOT ANALYSIS SWOT Analysis is an analytical method which utilizes techniques that centres on the strengths and weaknesses. SWOT stands for Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat. This technique deals with the positive and negative of both internal and external factors. The idea is to cover the full scope of the problem and to assess all possibilities. This technique can be applied at any stage of the innovative cycle. It is used to discover new opportunities or answers to problems to existing processes or products. It is also used to narrow done possibilities and to arrive to the best way to solve the problem. The technique is also helpful when reviewing plans mid-course, this can result to discovering new opportunities while still on the process and can also lead to discovering imperfections on the current plans. SWOT is a proven effective technique for discovering new opportunities in business. Since it deals with all the facets of the business, the data is accurate and provides a strong foundation for coming up with a reliable action plan. The strength of this technique makes it a very important tool for Project Management. PESTLE ANALYSIS Pestle Analysis is another tool used for Business Analysis. Pestle stands for Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal and Environmental. This technique dwells mainly on the external factors which contribute to the success and failure of the plan. It provides different angles by looking closely in the environment where the business operates. This method is an important tool for strategic management because it looks closely on the environmental factors that affect the organization as whole. There are more opportunities for ideas that could improve current methods or processes since it analyzes a broader range. At the same time, by looking into the external factors it will be easier to track what among the existing products, service or process are no longer working or outdated. It is important for an organization to do this to stay relevant. COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS Cost Benefit analysis is another technique used which assess the benefits and associated costs to arrive in a decision. It usually runs over a given period of time and data gathered are used as basis for analyzing which path to take. This method involves these basic principles; Project appraisal, incorporating external factors in analysis, and Time bound. Using cost benefit analysis usually takes time since it must complete the set course in order to gather enough and reliable data. This type of analysis depends on finding and adding all the positive factors which is the Benefits part. Then the same steps are taken to find and add the negative factors, which are the Costs. The difference will dictate whether the plan will suit and generate positive impact to the organization. This technique can be used in any aspects but commonly used for problems with monetary involvement and thus cost will play as a big factor. DECISION MAKING PROCESSES AND STYLE ANALYSIS Decision making is the process of making a choice out of all the available options. An effective decision making, foresees the results of each available option, be able to weigh the positive and negative and conclude objectively the best choice. Different analytical tools and techniques meant to aid the decision making process. It is best to decide decisions with facts from research and statistics, these serve as proof that points are well thought and possibilities are thoroughly explored. Decision making process follows these steps: Definition of the problem Identifying limits Exploring alternatives Analysis of alternatives Selection Implementation Establish control Evaluation Different people have different ways of making decisions. Decision making involves different styles and success is dependent on how well the organization adapts and embrace it. Here are some of the commonly known styles exercised by different leaders from different companies. Decision making can be Directive. In this style, the leader has the sole responsibility in making the decision. It is assumed that the one in power has the best knowledge of the problem and can provide the best solution in behalf of the whole organization. Next style is Analytical. This style still highly involves the leader but supporting information from the team is needed to back up the decision. Conceptual style is a style where the leader involves the whole team in making concepts of each option and takes higher risks. They brainstorm together and share different inputs and tackling the problem before arriving into a conclusion. Another style is Delegation. In this style, the responsibility to make the decision is given to a group and not necessarily to the leader alone. The leader acts as a guide and decisions are based on what the group arrived at on consensus. IDEAL CHANGE MODEL IDEAL change model stands for Initiating, Diagnosing, Establishing, Acting and Learning. This model was devised to be guide when planning for any change. It has been successful and can be applied for both small and big organizations and proven to be effective in dealing with different types of challenges. This model is essential when coming up with innovations because of how the method works. It aims to continuous improvement and at the same time reduce defects that are commonly overlooked when implementing something new. The last step, learning, is especially important for this model because it encourages continuity and evaluation that there is significant improvement brought by the change. This also pushes leaders to provide ongoing management. CONCLUSION Competition in the modern world of business is constantly changing. It is no longer enough to have good product and services, they are still on the top of the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s priority, but it is no longer suf ficient. Creative and Innovative ideas are constantly needed in order to make sure your company is not left behind. The use of different methods and techniques to analyze these ideas are essential for companies because it provides them solid and tested proof on how effective the ideas are, once applied to the marketplace.

E Commerce A Market Scale - 1690 Words

E-commerce is generally viewed as exchange of goods or services through electronic networks or the internet. An estimated number of 2.4 billion users globally exchanges data on this platform with those known to be actively involved being teenagers and people at middle age who are pressed for time to create time for other activities and it is not only tedious but time consuming to go out shopping in physical stores. In a market scale this could be an astounding figure providing enormous market space. E-business can be used interchangeably with the term E-commerce with occasional use of the term e-tail to refer to online retailing activities. In a retail interest shopping carts are normally established upon which customer shopping habits†¦show more content†¦With the previously documented trend in the growth of e-commerce especially in the past five years the opportunity to trade in this platform is still open thereby eliminating the need to sell off a domain name shortly after you start your business online especially as far as clothing store is concerned at Jersey Shore broadways. Those in retail shops in the current times are yet to realize the significance of online shopping and the shift in shopping trends in the modern generation. In China for instance over 60% of young fashion enthusiasts have resorted to online shopping as it saves them the hustles of having to travel long distances to acquire the same cloth line that they could obtain and pay for in a click of a button with the convenience again of having the product delivered to their doorsteps (Eisingerich and Kretschmer, 2008). One designer and manager of e-commerce store, David Ferguson with over 10 years’ experience notes that most successful of his clients have been those willing to put hard work on the fore especially in the first two years of their venture as this is the most critical time when one is hoping to grow a brand or store for the future of the business. Those individuals hoping to visit Jersey Shore Broadway my need the service of the store since some might not be able to establish contact with the online to acquire

Freedom Of Speech The Importance Of The Freedom Of Speech

Freedom of speech is a right protected by the First Amendment. According to the administrative office of the United States Courts (n.d.), the First Amendment states that, â€Å"Congress shall make no law... abridging freedom of speech.† Freedom of speech is arguably one of the most cherished American values in the First Amendment. As defined by an online unabridged Dictionary (n.d.), The rights covered by freedom of speech include the right to express opinions publicly without governmental interference. You are wrong when you say that we should shut down news outlets when they broadcast information that you do not like because freedom of speech applies to news outlets. News outlets have freedom of speech. Simply put by an article on the†¦show more content†¦The only reason individuals have to believe that news outlets do not have freedom of speech would be because they are committing slander or libel. According to Dictionary.com, slander is, â€Å"defamation by oral utterance† while libel is, â€Å"defamation by written or printed words.† According to information provided by Maureen P. Haney (2016), an attorney in Cleveland, Ohio, whenever news outlets publish information that could be considered defamation, they are protected by the first amendment rights specifically because news outlets are allowed to broadcast their opinion. So news outlets have every right a person does and can state their opinion however they please. Shutting down news outlets when they broadcast information that you do not like infringes on freedom of speech. The only appropriate time to shut down a news outlet would be if they were continuously spread ing false information purposefully that was causing mass chaos across the country. That hypothetical scenario would be similar to the Schenck v. United States Supreme Court case which according to Oyez, concluded that the character of the individual must be taken into account when examining their rights. That court case created the famous example of yelling â€Å"Fire† in a crowded theatre. Because yelling â€Å"Fire† would create unnecessary mass hysteria, it is not protected by the individuals First Amendment rights.Fake news outlets, such as The Onion, only publish satirical news articles and are still able toShow MoreRelatedSpeech : Importance Of Freedom Of Speech1116 Words   |  5 PagesTopic/Title: The Importance of Freedom of Speech General Purpose: I want to inform my audience Specific Purpose: I want my audience to understand the importance of freedom of speech. Thesis: Freedom of speech is important because it allows new ideas to surface, encourages the development in social relationships to prosper, and it permits for the truth to prevail. Introduction A. Attention getter There is a famous written saying that adheres to the attitude of every important figure throughoutRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech979 Words   |  4 Pagesthe most cherished one: the freedom of speech. Freedom of speech gives citizens the right to express their own opinions publicly without government interference, violating laws, or inciting any kind of violence or rebellion. However, the first amendment does not mean anyone can simply say whatever they want. There are several topics that are strictly scrutinized by law and there are even some situations in which freedom of speech is lawfully restricted. Freedom of speech is an extremely important partRead MoreImportance Of Freedom Of Speech1455 Words   |  6 PagesIt is in these moments of confrontation that the importance of free speech becomes essential to finding a resolution that fits the needs and wants of the majority without disregarding the basic human rights of the minority being represented. Free speech sh ould have limits; this includes the use of inappropriate personal attacks, un-related subject matter/ lying, and inciting violence against others for their opinions and beliefs. Freedom of speech is one of the most important rights in society thatRead MoreFree Speech : The Importance Of The Freedom Of Speech1079 Words   |  5 PagesFree speech in my mind, should be universally protected, except when that speech turns into hate against any particular minority and incites violence that is not needed for the safety of the public at large. Freedom of speech serves to be a fundamental democratic right that affords every citizen to participate in the United States constitutional democracy. It is a vital tool because it can be used by every person, rich, poor, black or white, to voice their concerns and rejections of the federal orRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech1192 Words   |  5 Pagesamendment of the United States’ Bill of Rights states â€Å"Congress shall make no law... prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech,†. Freedom of speech tends to be the most appreciated part of this amendment, while also causing the most anger. Most hate speech is protected under it, causing loads of controversy of the years. If the speech is not active fighting words threatening the livelihood of somebody, you’re allowed to say whatever you want. A landmark case in confirmingRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech878 Words   |  4 PagesFreedom of speech is a basic fundamental human right. Whether or not on a college campus, people (especially college students) should have the right to speak freely. Everyone does have the right to speak freely, because it is one of the twenty-seven amendments. Colleges all around the United States are now home to many restrictions on free speech. For example, the idea and use of â€Å"free speech zones† has made its way to colleges everywhere. A â€Å"free speech zone† is a sidewalk sized place where studentsRead MoreImportance Of Freedom Of Speech778 Words   |  4 Pagessomeone referring to Freedom of Speech, what comes to your mind? How far should Freedom of Speech go for you or others? And when you see someone practicing Freedom of Speech, do you actually support it? In today’s society, some of us forget what Freedom of Speech actually is and how far it is actually extended. Freedom of Speech means, the right to express any opinions without censorship or restraint. Freedom of Speech is protected under the First Amendment. Freedom of Speech includes but is notRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech1526 Words   |  7 Pagesthem listed in our constitution in the 1st amendment is the right to freedom of speech. However, like many liberties, freedom of speech is not absolute under the supreme law of land. What this means is that yes we do have freedom of speech, but it is not protected by the government if it includes obscenity, defamation, fraud, incitement, true threats and speech integral to already criminal conduct. White, K. (2017, June 08) Speech is an important part of our democracy, it gives us the right to speakRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech1394 Words   |  6 Pagesconstitution states â€Å"Congress shall make no law [...] abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and t o petition the Government for a redress of grievances.† However, the right to freedom of speech has limits, including violence, inciting a riot, libel or slander and yelling fire in a theatre. At a private company, such as the NFL, there are even more limits to this freedom, depending on the organization’s terms and conditions and any contractsRead MoreThe Importance Of Freedom Of Speech956 Words   |  4 Pagesdiscussed on campus to protect their students, but this hinders the quality of the students learning. Public college campuses should not safeguard student’s free speech by providing safe spaces, presenting trigger warnings, or controlling who speaks on campus.   Ã‚  Ã‚   All students attending public colleges should be allowed the freedom of speech and not be shielded from what college officials deem necessary to censor. Colleges that provide safe spaces, physical places students can go to openly discuss controversial

Problematic Alcohol Use in Australia-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Explore the literature on problematic alcohol use in Australia to discuss the risks and protective factors for alcohol use in a specific Australian population group. Answer: Introduction The trend of alcohol consumption in Australia is rising specifically among the young adults. Problematic alcohol use is a major cause of mental illnesses such as depression, anxiety, autism, mood disorder and psychotic disorders. In most cases, these mental disorders develop due to the consumption of excess alcohol for a long time. However, some mental disorders occur in the short-term. Even though there are several programs designed to address the problematic alcohol consumption, some youths do not have access to these programs. This scholarly paper aims to explore the problem of alcohol use in the population aged between 14 and 17 years. The study will also evaluate the risk factors and protective factors for alcohol consumption. The paper will elucidate the Alcohol and Drug Information Services (ADIS) which is an evidence-based program for addressing problematic alcohol use in Australia. In the last part, it will examine the role of nursing in combating problematic alcohol use. Problematic alcohol consumption in Australia Alcohol abuse is a significant problem in among adolescents in Australia. The population aged between 14 and 17 years is greatly affected by alcohol use. One study conducted in 2011 found that 74 percent of Australians aged 14 years old have used alcohol in the past. The study further found that 90.9 percent of those aged 17 years have consumed alcohol at one particular time in their life. Individuals aged 14 and 17 years were found to have consumed about four drinks on a single day in the last seven days. The most consumed alcoholic drinks are spirits, pre-mixed spirits, ordinary beer and alcoholic sodas (Kelly, et al., 2016). Males comprise the highest number of drinkers in this population. Even in the entire population in Australia, men drink more alcohol compared to women(Wilsnack, Wilsnack, Kristjanson, Vogeltanz-Holm, Gmel, 2009). Most adolescents who make this population are students. Hence, a large percentage consumes alcohol in school with friends while others access alcoho l in their homes. There are however some adolescents who purchase alcohol from bottle shops, liquor stores and supermarkets. The selected population has high chances of consuming hazardous levels of alcohol. A recent study indicates that despite public education on the adverse impacts of alcohol consumption, the trend of drinking remained constant between 2001 and 2007. In fact, it was reported that about 10 percent of the population consume high amounts of alcohol, which can result in long-term harm. For instance, in Western Australia, 39 percent of the individuals who are aged 14 years and above drink a lot of alcohol that has a chance of causing harm in the short-term. 11 percent of this population drinks alcohol levels that have a chance of causing harm in the long-term. Wholesalers of alcohol continue to record high returns since per capita alcohol drinking is rising in Australia (Pereira, Wood, Foster, Haggar, 2013). This analysis indicates that the population aged between 14 and 17 years has higher chances of suffering from mental disorders than the rest of the population. Empirical studies show that consumption of alcohol is a key risk factor for disease burden in Australia. Based on a study conducted in 2013, 26 percent of the population aged 14 years in Australia had experienced an alcohol-related harm. Mental disorders are the most common harms that adolescents experienced as a result of excessive drinking (Ward, Kippen, Buykx, Munro, McBride, Wiggers, 2016). Besides, excessive consumption of alcohol is associated with suicidal behaviour. Suicidal behaviour occurs due to impaired judgment and disinhibition. Some individuals who consume alcohol might use suicide as a way of reducing stress (Pompili, et al., 2010). Drinking alcohol has significant adverse impacts on students. Students who consume high amounts of alcohol have 1.2 higher chances of experiencing psychological distress compared to students who drink low levels of alcohol. Additionally, students who take excessive alcohol are more likely to miss classes, exhibit low concentration in clas s and fail to handle assignments (Tembo, Burns, Kalembo, 2017). The population under study in this paper comprises of students who might suffer these mental disorders. Risk factors Various risk factors influence the consumption of alcohol among adolescents. Adolescent development experiences, as well as social settings, expose youths to alcohol consumption. Some of the environments that expose young people to alcohol abuse are sporting and recreational settings. As youth socialise, they have higher chances of being introduced to alcohol abuse (Toumbourou, Evans-Whipp, Smith, Hemphill, Herrenkohl, Catalano, 2014). Lack of legislation Another risk factor for the consumption of excess alcohol is the lack of legislation on the minimum age for alcohol drinking. Australia has embraced the system of most western nations that restrict the sale of alcohol based on age, club licenses and the consumption of alcohol in licensed places. Alcohol is not sold to those aged under 18 years (Howard, Gordon, Jones, 2014). Since the adolescents are not restricted from drinking alcohol, they can obtain alcohol from different sources. Parental supply The prevalence of alcohol abuse among the youths indicates that they obtain alcohol from peers and parents (Kaynak, Winters, Cacciola, Kirby, Arria, 2014). In 2009, 388 parents from Australia were involved in a survey aimed to determine whether parents supply alcohol to their children. The survey found that 37 percent of the parents had supplied their children with alcohol in the past 3 months (Ward Snow, 2011). The study concluded that most adolescents obtain alcohol from their parents. Studies show that parents are increasingly lowering the supply of alcohol to minors. In 2004, 21.3 percent of parents asserted that they supplied alcohol to their children. This number dropped to 11.7 percent in 2013 (Kelly, et al., 2016). Parents who supply alcohol to their children claim that they are protecting the children from harm. Longitudinal and cross-sectional studies found that there is no evidence of protection when parents supply alcohol to their children. Instead, the parents are cont inuously cultivating the habit of drinking in the adolescents (Kaynak, Winters, Cacciola, Kirby, Arria, 2014). The abuse of alcohol is high when the adolescents are unsupervised. Parental supervision can lower the incidences of excessive consumption of alcohol among the young adults. Exposure to alcohol in school Another risk factor for the consumption of alcohol is the exposure drinking habits in schools. Learning institutions play a vital role controlling the consumption of alcohol among students through practices and regulations. Alcohol abuse in the presence of learners indicates approval for drinking and might encourage students to adopt drinking habits (Ward, Buykx, Munro, Hausdorf, Wiggers, 2014). Recent reports indicate that the habit of drinking alcohol in the presence of children in Australia is on the rise. Most adults drink alcohol during school events. Peer pressure Peer pressure is another risk factor for the problematic alcohol use in Australia. Adolescents tend to influence and initiate each other into alcoholism. There is an important part of peer-relations in the emergence of adolescent drinking behaviour (Han, Grogan-Kaylor, Delva, Castillo, 2012). Youths who are introduced into drinking by their peers might be worse addicts compared to those who are introduced by their parents. Protective factors Regardless of the rampant alcohol abuse in the population aged 14 to 17 years, there are some protective factors. The protective factors can be classified as community, family, individual and school protective factors. Community protective factors Some aspects of the community act as protective factors against drinking alcohol. The primary community protective factor is getting a reward for prosocial engagement (Hemphill, Heerde, Herrenkohl, Patton, Toumbourou, Catalano, 2011). It is notable that some individuals in the community reward good behaviour in the youths. In other instances, the youths might be rewarded for doing something noble for the community. The activities that are rewarded in the community are getting involved in community groups and involvement in community building. Engagement in community sports is another community protective element. Family protective factors The family setting acts as an important protective factor. As discussed in previous paragraphs, the parents play a fundamental role in shaping the alcohol behaviour of a child. The main family protective factor is being close to the parents. A study conducted in Australia revealed that some youths were attached to their fathers while others were attached to their mothers (Hemphill, Heerde, Herrenkohl, Patton, Toumbourou, Catalano, 2011). The level of attachment determines whether the adolescents are in the position to share their thoughts and feelings openly. It is notable that youths who share with their parents have fewer chances of being initiated into alcohol abuse. Youths who spend a lot of time with their family doing positive things have higher chances of disclosing their whereabouts to the parents. Also, they have higher chances of adhering to parental discipline. School protective factors The school can model the behaviour of the students either positively or negatively. School games and avenues for socialisation are some of the protective factors in school. Commitment to school activities helps students to avoid dangerous behaviours such as alcohol abuse. Rewards for outstanding behaviour motivate the students to uphold ethics as well as avoid engaging in activities that may result in harm. Individual protective factors Personal values and behaviours are important protective factors against the consumption of alcohol. Various individual protective factors impend the youths from engaging in alcohol abuse. The religiosity of an individual is an important personal protective factor (Hemphill, Heerde, Herrenkohl, Patton, Toumbourou, Catalano, 2011). The inclination to religious gatherings, activities and services defines the religiosity of an individual. Another personal protective factor is the belief in the moral order. The moral order includes factors such as being honest, just and trustworthy. Self-efficacy and academic performance act as protective factors against alcohol abuse when expressed at high levels. Lastly, social variables including peer pressure and antisocial behaviour are positively associated with low alcohol drinking if they occur in low values. Program that addresses alcohol use The program that addresses alcohol use in Australia is Alcohol and Drug Information Services (ADIS). ADIS is designed to deal with the problematic alcohol use at the state and territory levels. Details of the program ADIS is a telephone-based counselling service that is offered by trained counsellors who have a background in the alcohol field. The program is provided by the Drug and Alcohol Services across Australia. The program is offered 24 hours a day, which means it can be accessed at any time of the day. Various telephone numbers have been made available for the public to call in case they require specialised help. Even though ADIS is open to the public, it is a confidential program (Tzelepis, et al., 2015). Vast information is available for people who use the ADIS program. The professionals can inquire what is happening to the caller specifically about alcohol use. Besides, they offer emotional support to individuals who are addicted to alcohol. Emotion-regulation techniques mainly the capacity to control adverse emotions is a vital target in managing alcohol dependence (AD) (Berking, Margraf, Ebert, Wupperman, Hofmann, Junghannsb, 2012). The counsellors further advise the clients about treatment options. Cognitive-behavioral therapy is among the most effective interventions for alcohol abuse. The professionals have extensive knowledge of the available treatments for problematic alcohol use. The final intervention for alcohol addicts is referring clients to local services. Clients are referred to the suitable local service based on their condition or level of alcohol addiction. General practitioners also get help from the counsellors. The counselling is often customized to the clients needs. Help is offered about both short-term and long-term impacts of alcohol abuse. A significant part of the program offers information about the side effects of alcohol and symptoms of intoxication (Tzelepis, et al., 2015). Target audience ADIS targets a wide client base in the community. The main target for the program is individuals and families. Australians who are experiencing problematic alcohol use can enrol in the program because it is free. The design of ADIS makes it cost-effective and practical for families and individual clients. Goals of the program ADIS has multiple goals that are meant to enhance the quality of life (QOL) of people experiencing problematic alcohol use. The overall intention of the program is to help people reduce or stop alcohol use. Additionally, it has an objective of offering ready information about alcohol abuse. Australians struggling with alcohol abuse, pharmacies and prescribers get readily available information. It aims to educate alcohol addicts on the mental health issues associated with alcohol abuse. When youths are informed of the possible mental illnesses linked to substance abuse, there are high chances of withdrawal. The program cultivates healthy stress-management initiatives among the general population. People who experience mental health illnesses linked to alcohol abuse tend to develop stress. Role of nursing in combating problematic alcohol use Nurses offer enhanced service for problematic alcohol use in primary care. The enhanced services act as the first type of intervention for people seeking to address alcohol abuse. The nursing role in primary care should start with the screening of the population aged between 14 and 17 years. Different alcohol screening tools have been developed for use in primary care. The most effective tools that nurses should use are the Fast Alcohol Screening Test (FAST) and Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) (Meneses-Gaya, et al., 2010). AUDIT is effective for all genders and races (Frank, DeBenedetti, Volk, Williams, Kivlahan, Bradley, 2008). Conversely, FAST is sensitive and sensitive (GROVES, et al., 2010). All the participants who test positive for these tests should be offered intervention to lower the risk of developing alcohol-based illnesses. The process of screening entails asking the participants questions that will reveal whether they are experiencing alcohol dependency . Empirical evidence asserts that after the screening, intervention should be offered as fast as possible to reduce the impact (Kaner, et al., 2013). In most cases, intervention should be initiated on the same day after the screening. Nurses in primary care can offer treatment in different ways. The best methods that have been proposed in this report are detailed lifestyle counselling, enhanced patient information and person-tailored counselling. Patient information can be provided through leaflets after the screening process. Apart from the leaflets, the individuals should be offered more information about their drinking levels. The information should be accompanied with techniques on how to minimise alcohol levels. The next type of intervention should be lifestyle counselling. However, the lifestyle counselling should be conducted after an appointment (Hamilton Baker, 2013). An appointment is fundamental because the provider should first understand the lifestyle of individual, drinking habit and willingness to adhere to treatment plans. Although there three interventions are important for problematic alcohol use, feedback and detailed information are the most suitable interventions to minimise excessive alcohol consumption. The types of interventions discussed in the above paragraphs are effective, yet they require minimal training. The structure of the enhanced service in primary care is a key factor for success. Community-based intervention is the most effective approach. The primary care will be offered at Local Government Area (LGA) levels. Youths aged between 14 and 17 years will be recruited into the program if they exhibit the willingness to reduce, stop or manage alcohol abuse. Conclusion As evident in this paper, alcohol use is a significant problem in Australia. The study is specifically focused on the population aged between 14 and 17 years. The selected population engages in alcohol abuse due to various risk factors. Parental supply, exposure to alcohol in school, peer pressure and lack of firm legislation are among of the main risk factors for alcohol use among the chosen population. Protective factors are rewards for exemplary behaviour, parental supervision, sporting activities and involvement in community activities. The program that has been developed to address the problem of alcohol use in Australia is ADIS, and it aims to help people reduce, manage and stop alcohol abuse. 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